Synthetic glycosylphosphatidylinositol microarray reveals differential antibody levels and fine specificities in children with mild and severe malaria |
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Authors: | Marco Tamborrini Xinyu Liu Joseph Paschal Mugasa Yong-Uk Kwon Faustin Kamena Peter H Seeberger Gerd Pluschke |
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Institution: | 1. Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstr. 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland;2. University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland;3. Max-Planck-Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomolecular Systems, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;4. Freie Universitt Berlin, Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany;5. Ifakara Health Research and Development Centre, PO Box 53, Ifakara, Morogoro, Tanzania |
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Abstract: | Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) glycolipids abound on the cell surface at the merozoite stage of Plasmodium falciparum life cycle are a central toxin in malaria. The contribution of GPI specific humoral immune responses to protection against malaria pathology is not clear, since studies on the correlation between anti-GPI antibody titers and disease severity have yielded contradictory results. Here, we present the application of a carbohydrate microarray based on synthetic PfGPI glycans to assess levels and fine specificities of anti-GPI antibody responses in healthy and malaria diseased individuals. Furthermore, the age dependent development of humoral immune responses against GPI in malaria-exposed children was investigated. Anti-GPI antibodies were only rarely found in children under the age of 18 months. Sera from subjects with severe malaria and healthy children contained antibodies that recognized predominantly synthetic Man3-GPI and Man4-GPIs. In contrast, antibodies in sera of children with mild malaria also showed substantial reactivity with truncated glycans comprising glucosamine–inositol moieties without mannose or with only one or two mannose residues. |
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