The trehalose transporter 1 gene sequence is conserved in insects and encodes proteins with different kinetic properties involved in trehalose import into peripheral tissues |
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Authors: | Yasushi Kanamori Ayako Saito Yuka Hagiwara-Komoda Daisuke Tanaka Kanako Mitsumasu Shingo Kikuta Masahiko Watanabe Richard Cornette Takahiro Kikawada Takashi Okuda |
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Affiliation: | 1. Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 748, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Bioquímica e Biofísica, Instituto Butantan, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil;3. Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil |
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Abstract: | We recently cloned a trehalose transporter gene (Tret1) that contributes to anhydrobiosis induction in the sleeping chironomid Polypedilum vanderplanki Hinton. Because trehalose is the main haemolymph sugar in most insects, they might possess Tret1 orthologs involved in maintaining haemolymph trehalose levels. We cloned Tret1 orthologs from four species in three insect orders. The similarities of the amino acid sequence to TRET1 in P. vanderplanki were 58.5–80.4%. Phylogenetic analysis suggested the Tret1 sequences were conserved in insects. The Xenopus oocyte expression system showed apparent differences in the Km and Vmax values for trehalose transport activity among the six proteins encoded by the corresponding orthologs. The TRET1 orthologs of Anopheles gambiae (Km: 45.74 ± 3.58 mM) and Bombyx mori (71.58 ± 6.45 mM) showed low trehalose affinity, whereas those of Apis mellifera (9.42 ± 2.37 mM) and Drosophila melanogaster (10.94 ± 7.70 mM) showed high affinity. This difference in kinetics might be reflected in the haemolymph trehalose:glucose ratio of each species. Tret1 was expressed not only in the fat body but also in muscle and testis. These findings suggest that insect TRET1 is responsible for the release of trehalose from the fat body and the incorporation of trehalose into other tissues that require a carbon source, thereby regulating trehalose levels in the haemolymph. |
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