肿瘤蛋白标志物分析技术研究进展

目前,我国的肿瘤发病率为285.91/10万,平均每分钟有6人被诊断为恶性肿瘤,因此肿瘤的早期诊断的重要性显而易见。随着分子生物学、免疫学诊断技术的飞速发展,寻找肿瘤诊断和预后的特异性标志物已成为近期研究的热点。蛋白质是生命活动中多项功能的执行者,可以直接反映基因给予的信息。相比于基因,蛋白质的表达谱更可以直接地反映功能机制。针对蛋白质的生物特性,本文总结了目前临床中筛查肿瘤蛋白标志物分析技术,如双向凝胶电泳、基质辅助激光解吸/电离-飞行时间质谱、表面增强激光解吸/电离-飞行时间质谱、蛋白质芯片技术,并对未来肿瘤蛋白标志物筛查提出新的展望。

Advance in analysis techniques of screening tumor protein marker

Nowadays, tumor incidence is high up to 285.91 in one hundred thousand, and six patients are diagnosed with malignant tumor every minute.Therefore, the early tumor diagnosis becomes more and more important. With the development of molecular biology and immune diagnosis technology, researchers pay more attention to specific marker screening for tumor diagnosis and prognosis. As the executant of many biological functions in vital movements, protein can reflect hereditary information directly, and protein expression profile is much clearer than gene expression profiling in reporting biological function mechanisms. According to the biological traits of protein, we summarized several techniques of tumor protein marker in clinical screening, including 2-D gel electrophoresis, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight-mass-spectrometry, surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight-mass-spectrometry and protein chip. At last, we put forward expectations of tumor protein marker screening.