不同海拔地区同级别医院鲍曼不动杆菌的分布与 耐药性的连续对比性分析

目的连续对比分析不同海拔地区同级别医院非鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性,寻找不同海拔对鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药性的影响并指导合理应用抗生素。方法回顾分析2011-2013年两家不同海拔地区同级别医院临床分离的鲍曼不动杆菌药敏结果。结果 2011年至2013年,低海拔地区医院鲍曼不动杆菌检出率为12.66%、17.01%、15.33%。高海拔的地区院鲍曼不动杆菌检出率为0.24%、1.50%、1.44%。低海拔地区医院鲍曼不动杆菌仅对美满环素仍保持较高的敏感率;除头孢哌酮/舒巴坦外,对多数常用药物耐药率均高于70%。而且保持稳定。高海拔的地区院鲍曼不动杆菌对常用抗生素的耐药率逐年下降,庆大霉素、左旋氧氟沙星、亚胺培南、头孢哌酮、头孢他啶的敏感率近两年均在60%以上。结论低海拔地区医院鲍曼不动杆菌检出率高,常用抗生素耐药率高。高海拔的地区院鲍曼不动杆菌检出率低,常用抗生素敏感率高。环境因素对微生态具有重要的影响作用。

Bacterial distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in hospitals at different altitudes

Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in hospitals at different altitudes. Methods Bacterial isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii obtained from patients in two hospitals at different altitudes from 2011 to 2013 were analysed retrospectively. Results The isolating rate of Acinetobacter baumannii in the hospital at lower altitude was 12. 66% in 2011,17. 01% in 2012,and 15. 33% in 2013,while the isolating rate in the hospital at higher altitude was 0. 24%,1. 50% and 1. 44%,respectively. The drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to most common antimicrobial agents in the hospital at lower altitude was up to70% except to cefoperazone / sulbactam; The sensitivity rate to minocycline was high. The drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in the hospital at higher altitude was lower in recent years; The sensitivity rates to Gentamicin,Levofloxacin,Imipenem,Cefoperazone and Ceftazidime were over 60%. Conclusion The isolating rate and drug resistances of Acinetobacter baumannii in the hospital at lower altitude are high. The drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to most common antimicrobial agents in the hospital at higher altitude is low; their sensitivity rates to most common antimicrobial agents are high. The environment plays an important role in microecology.