CO2浓度升高对西花蓟马和花蓟马成虫体内解毒酶和保护酶活性的影响

【目的】阐明大气CO₂浓度升高对外来入侵昆虫西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis及其本地近缘种花蓟马F. intonsa的影响机制。【方法】测定和分析了CO₂人工气候箱内不同CO₂浓度（400 μL/L和800 μL/L）下饲养3代的这两种蓟马体内3种解毒酶［羧酸酯酶（CarE）、乙酰胆碱酯酶（AchE）和微粒体多功能氧化酶(MFO）］和3种保护酶［超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD）］的活性。【结果】西花蓟马成虫体内的CarE, AchE, MFO, CAT和POD酶活性随着CO₂浓度的升高而显著上升（P＜0.05）,其中800 μL/L CO₂浓度下CarE和MFO酶活性分别比400 μL/L CO₂浓度下增加了24.78%和16.05%;800 μL/L CO2浓度下花蓟马成虫体内的CarE, MFO和CAT酶活性显著高于400 μL/L CO₂浓度下花蓟马成虫体内的相应酶活性,而AchE和POD酶活性在两种CO2浓度间差异不显著（P＞0.05）。800 μL/L CO₂浓度下西花蓟马和花蓟马成虫体内的SOD酶活性均显著低于400 μL/L CO₂浓度下的相应蓟马酶活性（P＜0.05）,分别下降了65.22%和42.20%。【结论】CO₂浓度升高是导致两种蓟马成虫体内CarE,MFO和SOD酶活性上升的主要原因,而AchE, CAT和POD酶活性的变化主要受蓟马种类的影响。两种蓟马可能通过改变体内解毒酶或保护酶的活性来适应高浓度CO₂的环境。

Effects of elevated CO2 concentration on the activities of detoxifying enzymes and protective enzymes in adults of Frankliniella occidentalis and F. intonsa (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

【Aim】 To clarify the physiological mechanism of the effect of elevated CO₂ concentration on invasive insect Frankliniella occidentalis and the local related species F. intonsa.【Methods】 The activities of three detoxifying enzymes (caboxylesterase, CarE; acetylcholinesterase, AchE; microsomal mixed function oxidases, MFO) and three protective enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; peroxidase, POD) in F. occidentalis and F. intonsa adults bred under different atmospheric CO₂ concentrations (400 μL/L and 800 μL/L) in CO₂ artificial climate chambers were assayed and analyzed. 【Results】 The activities of CarE, AchE, MFO, CAT and POD in F. occidentalis adults increased as the CO₂ concentration rose. The CarE and MFO activities in F. occidentalis adults bred under 800 μL/L CO₂ increased by 24.78% and 16.05%, respectively, as compared with those bred under 400 μL/L CO₂. The activities of CarE, MFO and CAT in F. intonsa adults bred through three successive generations under the high CO2 concentration (800 μL/L) was significantly higher than those bred under the low CO2 concentration (400 μL/L) (P＜0.05). The activities of AchE and POD in adults of the two thrips bred under the two CO₂ concentrations were not significantly different (P＞0.05). The SOD activities in F. occidentalis and F. intonsa adults bred under 800 μL/L CO₂ were significantly lower than those in adults of both species bred under 400 μL/L CO₂ (P＜0.05), decreased by 65.22% and 42.20%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Elevated CO₂ concentration is the main reason for the increase in activities of CarE, MFO and SOD, and the changes in activities of AchE, CAT and POD are mainly influenced by thrips species. F. occidentalis and F. intonsa may adapt to the high CO₂ concentration environment by altering the activities of detoxifying and protective enzymes.