Molecules and mechanisms controlling the active DNA demethylation of the mammalian zygotic genome |
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Authors: | Jun-Yu Ma Teng Zhang Wei Shen Heide Schatten Qing Yuan Sun |
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Affiliation: | 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China2. State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China3. Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA |
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Abstract: | The active DNA demethylation in early embryos is essential for subsequent development. Although the zygotic genome is globally demethylated, the DNA methylation of imprinted regions, part of repeat sequences and some gamete-specific regions are maintained. Recent evidence has shown that multiple proteins and biological pathways participate in the regulation of active DNA demethylation, such as TET proteins, DNA repair pathways and DNA methyltransferases. Here we review the recent understanding regarding proteins associated with active DNA demethylation and the regulatory networks controlling the active DNA demethylation in early embryos. |
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Keywords: | active DNA demethylation zygote 5-hmC 5-mC preimplantation embryo TET proteins |
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