沂蒙山地区中华蜜蜂种群遗传多样性分析(英文)

【目的】中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana是一种重要的种质资源和传粉昆虫，本研究旨在探究山东省沂蒙山地区中华蜜蜂种群遗传多样性和种群结构关系，为沂蒙山地区中华蜜蜂种质资源利用与保护提供理论依据。【方法】本研究通过选取山东省沂蒙山地区7个采样地点的114群中华蜜蜂采集蜂，根据Ruttner的形态学分析方法，对其36项形态学指标进行测定；并利用筛选后的11对荧光标记微卫星引物，研究其遗传多样性。【结果】形态学分析结果表明，沂蒙山地区中华蜜蜂工蜂的平均体长为12.064~13.351 mm，平均前翅长为8.198~8.694 mm。11个微卫星位点共检测到58个等位基因，每个位点的等位基因数从2~17不等，7个群体的平均期望杂合度和多态信息含量分别为0.3115和0.2872，平均等位基因数为2.4545(ST-AQ)~4.0000(BHY)，平均期望杂合度为0.1916~0.3397，群体的平均遗传分化系数Fst为0.048。Nei氏遗传距离为0.0092(XL-DLZ到XZ-XLZ))~0.1000(XL-DLZ到XL-DJW)。聚类分析结果表明沂蒙山地区的中蜂可以分成3类。【结论】沂蒙山地区各个采样地点之间的中华蜜蜂种群结构接近，表明不同种群之间存在着基因交流，与其他地区中华蜜蜂种群比较，沂蒙山地区中华蜜蜂在形态和遗传结构上存在一定的特异性。

Genetic diversity of Apis cerana cerana populations in the YimengMountains,Shandongprovince,East China(In English)

【Aim】 Apis cerana cerana is an important germplasm resource and pollinator. This study aims to explore the genetic diversity and population structure of A. cerana cerana in theYimengMountains,Shandongprovince,East Chinaso as to provide a theoretical foundation for the utilization and conservation of germplasm resource for A. cerana cerana. 【Methods】 In this study, 114 broods of A. cerana cerana from 7 localities in the Yimeng Mountains were selected and 36 morphological indexes were measured according to Ruttner’s analytical method. And the genetic diversity of A. cerana cerana in theYimengMountainswas evaluated with 11 microsatellite loci. 【Results】 The results of morphological analysis showed that the average body length and the average forewing length of A. cerana cerana foraging workers in theYimengMountainswere 12.064-13.351 mmand 8.198-8.694 mm, respectively. Fifty-eight alleles were found in the 11 microsatellite loci. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 17. The average expected heterozygosity and polymorphism information content (PIC) of all loci were 0.3115 and 0.2872, respectively. The average number of alleles in all the populations ranged from 2.4545 (ST-AQ) to 4.0000 (BHY), and the average expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.1916 to 0.3397. The average genetic differentiation measured as an Fst value was 0.048. The Nei’s genetic distance ranged from 0.0092 (XL-DLZ to XZ-XLZ) to 0.1000 (XL-DLZ to XL-DJW). Besides, the cluster analysis results showed that all the populations in theYimengMountainscould be grouped into three categories. 【Conclusion】 The population structure of A. cerana cerana populations in theYimengMountainsis similar. The results suggest that the gene flow occurs in different populations. Compared with the populations in other positions, A. cerana cerana in theYimengMountainsshows certain specificity in morphology and genetic structure.