施肥对潮棕壤钾收支及钾在作物体内分配的影响

通过15年的定位试验,研究了不同施肥制度下土壤K的收支及K在作物体内的分配.结果表明，施K肥处理的大豆籽实和秸秆中K浓度高于不施K肥处理；而施K肥处理的玉米籽实K浓度在各个处理间几乎没有变化.在不施K肥条件下，单一施用N肥或NP配施均可造成K的严重亏缺.保持农业系统养分循环再利用可以缓解K收支赤字，而配合适量K肥的施用可以实现作物高产，平衡土壤中K收支.

Effects of fertilization on aquic brown soil potassium budget and crop potassium allocation

Through a consecutive 15 years field trial on the aquic brown soil in Shenyang suburb of Northeast China, this paper studied the soil potassium budget and crop potassium allocation under effects of different fertilization systems. The results indicated that applying nitrogen or nitrogen plus phosphorous without potassium application accelerated the deficit of soil potassium. The potassium concentration in soybean grain and stalk was higher under potassium application than with no potassium supply, while that in maize grain had no significant difference in different fertilization treatments. The reutilization of recycled nutrients in farming system could mitigate the deficit of soil potassium budget, and such reutilization assorted with appropriate amount of potassium fertilization could not only produce high crop yield, but also balance soil potassium budget.