Phylogenetic relationships of Brassicaceae in China: Insights from a non-coding chloroplast,mitochondrial, and nuclear DNA data set

Understanding of the systematics and evolution of the Brassicaceae has advanced greatly in recent years. In particular, molecular techniques offer a way to address issues of homoplasy that had limited morphology-based research. In this study, we used sequence data from chloroplast, mitochondrial, and nuclear genomes to construct the phylogeny of Brassicaceae. We adopted maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian methods to illustrate the relationships of 71 species belonging to 51 genera. Results from trnS_(GCU)-trnG_(UUC), nad7 second intron, and pistillata (PI) first intron analyses supported the delimitation of Lineages I–III and agreed with previous findings from phyA, ITS, and ndhF analyses. The results indicated that Pachypterygium should be placed in the tribe Isatideae. The position of Leiospora agreed with speculation based on morphology. Furthermore, Conringia planisiliqua together with Orychophragmus violaceus can be recognized as a new tribe as proposed by previous studies. Finally, this study also supported the recently recognized new tribes Dontostemoneae and Erysimeae.