空间尺度对地形异质性-物种多样性关系的影响:粒度和幅度

空间尺度是影响我们理解生态学格局和过程的关键因素。目前已有多种关于物种多样性分布格局形成机制的假说且研究者未达成共识,原因之一是空间尺度对物种多样性分布格局的环境影响因子的解释力和相对重要性有重要影响。地形异质性是物种多样性分布格局的重要影响因素。本文综述了在地形异质性-物种多样性关系的研究中,不同空间粒度和幅度对研究结果的影响,以及可能的原因。尽管已认识到地形异质性-物种多样性关系的空间尺度效应,但粒度和幅度的具体影响仍未有统一结论。当前物种多样性分布格局研究未能覆盖较完整的尺度变化梯度。未来对地形异质性-物种多样性关系的研究需要同时考虑幅度和粒度的影响。建议结合可靠的模型和统计分析方法开展多尺度格局比较分析,以进一步阐明研究尺度对地形异质性-物种多样性关系的影响以及地形异质性起主导作用的空间尺度。

Effects of spatial scales on topographic heterogeneity-species richness relationships:Grain and extent

Spatial scales can influence our perception of ecological patterns and processes.There was no consensus on the mechanisms underlying the spatial patterns of species richness,largely due to the effects of spatial scales on the explanatory power of different environmental factors and their relative importance in shaping species richness patterns.Topographic heterogeneity is one of the most important factors shaping geographical patterns of species richness.In this review,we discussed the effects of spatial grain and extent on the relationship between topographic heterogeneity and species richness.Although the scale-dependence in spatial species richness gradients has become increasingly recognized,it remains unclear how the strength of the relationship between topographic heterogeneity and species richness changes with varying scales of grain and extent.Current studies failed to provide a more complete multi-scale picture of spatial patterns in species richness and their drivers.A multi-scale perspective with regard to both grain size and extent would shed new light on the studies of topographic heterogeneity-species richness relationships.Further comparative research on geographical patterns of species richness across multiple spatial scales using sound statistical methods and models would improve our understanding of the relative role of topographic heterogeneity at different scales.