藏中联网工程生态系统服务功能重要性评价

对电网工程沿线区域的生态系统服务功能进行评价是规避和降低工程对沿线区域生态破坏的重要前提。本研究选取水源涵养、水土保持、防风固沙、生物多样性保护等4项生态系统服务功能为主体,基于遥感与GIS技术对藏东南地区生态系统服务功能的重要性进行评价,在此基础上分析了不同电网工程标段影响区的生态系统服务功能重要性。结果表明:藏东南地区生态系统服务功能重要性总体上呈现出"东西部高、中部低"的空间分布格局,极重要区面积为74843 km²,占区域总面积的18.47%,主要分布在藏东南的森林区,包括澜沧江沿线及其以东地区、雅鲁藏布江沿线及错那县、墨脱县南部。藏中联网工程东、西两端标段影响区内的生态系统服务功能重要性相对较高,在施工过程中应根据影响区内主导的生态系统服务功能分布状况采取相应措施加强生态环境保护。本研究方法可为其他输电工程的设计和施工提供生态标准及科学依据。

Assessment on the importance of ecosystem services along the Transmission Line of Tibet Networking Project

Evaluating ecosystem services along the line of power grid projects is critical for avoiding or reducing the negative impacts of grid construction on ecosystems.Based on remote sensing and GIS technologies,we selected four kinds of primary ecosystem services(i.e.,water conservation,soil and water conservation,windbreak and sediment conservation,and biodiversity protection)to evaluate the importance of ecosystem services in southeastern Tibet.We further evaluated the importance of ecosystem services for the influenced areas of each bid section of the Tibet Networking Project.The results showed that the pattern of the importance of ecosystem services over southeastern Tibet was high in east and west parts and low in central region.The area with extremely important service was 74843 km²,accounting for 18.47%of the total area.This area was mainly distributed in the forest region of southeastern Tibet,containing area along and east to Lancang River,area along Yarlung Zangbo River,and the southern part of Cuona and Motuo counties.The sections located in east and west terminals showed a relatively high importance of ecosystem services.Measures for ecological and environmental protection should therefore be adopted by considering the distribution of primary ecosystem services.This study could provide the ecological criterion and scientific reference for the design and construction of other similar transmission projects.