山东平邑第四纪裂隙中哺乳动物群及其生态学意义

平邑动物群产自4个地点（裂隙）、3个层位,由14属15种（分属食虫类、翼手类、兔形类、啮齿类、食肉类和偶蹄类）构成。这些化石反映出该地中更新世期间有一个从温暖的森林环境向干冷的荒漠草原环境又向温暖的灌丛草原环境转化的过程。

QUATERNARY MAMMALS FROM THE FISSLJRE FILLING OF PINGYI COUNTY, SHANDONG AND ITS ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE

A great number of fissures were exposed by quarrying during the past 20 yearsat Xiaoxishan hill (35° 27' 3O" N 116° 36' 24" E), Pingyi county, Shandong Province.From four of which, many manunal fossils were collected by the present authors inthe spring of 1996. Each fissure or locality has only a single fossiliferous layer. Theirstrahgraphical correlation are shown in the text figure 1.The mammal complex is composed of 14 genera and 15 species of 13 familiesbelonging to Insectivora, Chiroptera, Lagomorpha, Rodentia, Carnivora and Artiodactyla(see table 1), and comparable with those of Locality 1 and 3 of Zhoukoudian incomposition by having 10 of 15 species among them. However, the fact that themammal complex shares three and two extinct species, Erinaceus olgae, Myospalaxwongi and Megaloceros pachyosteus, with those of Locality 1 and 2 of Zhoukoudianrespectively indicates they are of the same age or Middle Pleistocene. Lithologically,Locality 1 of Pingyi seems to be comparable to the Layer 1-3 of Locality 1 ofZhoukoudian due to the same yellow sandy clay other than reddish clay as in theother layers. If the Uranium Series disequilibrium dating of the layer 1-3, about 230-290 ka, is reliable, the Locality 1 of Pingyi can be correlated to the L3 of the loesssection of Luochuan region. Strahgraphically, Both locality 3 and 4 of Pingyi shouldbe slighhy later and the locality 2 earlier than this locality.Ecologically, the fauna of Locality 1 can be subdivided into three types, desert-dry grassland (64%), shrub--grassland (18%) and wide-spread species (18%). None ofthe dwellers of the desert-dry grassland, Ochotona daurica, Myospalax wongi (directancestor of M. armandi or aspalax), Cricetulus longicaudatus, Lasiopodomys brandti,Lagurus, Meriones and Vulpes corsac distributes in present Shandong, but all in thesouthern Nei Mongol Plateau and nearby regions. This demonstrates that a migratingevent from north to south took place at that time and local environment was ratherdry and cold as in the present Southern Nei Mongol Plateau. The mammals fromLocality 3 and 4 reflect a brush--grassland condition with mixture of elements of thenorthern, the southern and the local dwellers, but those from Locality 2 a forestenvironment represented by subtropical bats, Hipposideros and Miniopterus.