西双版纳人工雨林群落结构及其林下降雨侵蚀力特征

通过与本地典型的橡胶林和季节雨林进行对比,研究了在橡胶林基础上抚育、恢复而来的人工雨林群落结构及林下降雨侵蚀力特征.通过16a的抚育管理,人工雨林Shannon-Wiener多样性指数达到3.652,接近当地季节雨林的一般情况.对6a的降雨侵蚀力计算发现,人工雨林7月林内降雨侵蚀力达962.2 MJ mm hm-2 h-1 a-1,对旷地降雨侵蚀力的削减量是橡胶林的2.08倍.人工雨林初步重现了类似热带自然雨林的群落结构和叶面积指数特征,能够有效对削减降雨侵蚀力,这有利于林内水土保持和进一步的植被恢复.因此,人工雨林的抚育、恢复模式是热带退化山地地区植被恢复与重建的一条较为可行的途径.

Community structure and throughfall erosivity characters of artificial rainforest in Xishuangbanna

Community structure and throughfall erosivity of artificial rainforest were compared with rubber forest and seasonal rainforest in this study. After 16 years grown without any management, the Shannon-Wiener index of artificial rainforest has increased to 3.652, which was much closer to local seasonal rainforest. A calculation of throughfall erosivity based on 6 years' data shown that the throughfall erosivity of artificial rainforest in July was 962.2 MJ mm hm^-2 h^-1 a^-1, and the amount of rainfall erosivity reduction to clear surface was2.08 times higher than rubber forest. Artificial rainforest has similar community structure and leaf area index(LAI) to tropical seasonal rainforest, and decreasing throughfall erosivity efficiently,which were very useful for soil conservation and vegetation restoration. Artificial rainforest is a feasible restoration type for degraded ecosystem in tropical area.