播种方式和施磷对冬小麦群体结构、光合特性和产量的影响

为研究播种方式和施磷对新疆冬小麦群体结构、光合特性和产量的影响,以‘新冬22号’为材料,采用双因素裂区试验设计,设播种方式为主区,分条播(D)和匀播(U),设施磷量(P₂O₅)为副区,分0、60、120、180 kg·hm^-2(分别用P₀、P₆₀、P₁₂₀、P₁₈₀表示)4种水平。结果表明: 匀播群体分蘖成穗率较条播群体高15.9%;光合有效辐射(PAR)截获率、消光系数、叶面积指数、叶片SPAD值和光合参数均以匀播下P₁₂₀最优,是兼顾群体结构、光合特性和产量的最佳组合。

Effects of seeding pattern and phosphorus application on population structure,photosynthe-tic characteristics and yield of winter wheat

Under Xinjiang winter wheat seeding pattern, in order to sort out proper phosphorus application (PA) and find out the effects and mechanism of PA on population structure, photosynthesis characteristics and yield and provide reliable evidence for PA management of winter wheat, we arranged a two-factor complete split-plot design of wheat variety “Xindong 22”. The main area consisted of two seeding ways: drill seeding pattern (D) and uniform seeding pattern (U), while in the sub-area there were four levels of PA(P₂O₅): 0, 60, 120, and 180 kg·hm^-2(represented by P₀, P₆₀, P₁₂₀ and P₁₈₀ for those treatments, respectively). The results showed that the earbearing percentage in U was 15.9% higher than that in D, and the other features (PAR interception rate, extinction coefficient, leaf area index, SPAD and photosynthetic parameters) were more optimal in 120 kg·hm^-2 treatment. Our results showed that the 120 kg·hm^-2 treatment in U would be the optimal option with respect to population structure, photosynthetic characteristics, and yield.