六盘山半湿润区华北落叶松树干半径变化特征及其影响因素

在2016年生长季,利用树干径向生长测量仪监测了六盘山半湿润区华北落叶松的树干半径变化,研究其昼夜和生长季的变化格局,确定主要生长期并分析期间环境因素对半径变化的影响,以期准确理解短时环境变化对树木生长的影响。结果表明: 在昼夜时间尺度,树干半径呈白天收缩、夜间恢复并增长的变化格局;在生长季时间尺度,树径变化呈相对稳定、持续增大、涨缩波动3个阶段的格局。在本研究特定的气象、土壤湿度和地形条件下,华北落叶松树干半径的主要生长期为5月14日—7月31日,最大半径生长速率出现在6月8日。影响树干半径日收缩量的环境因子在不同时段(收缩阶段、日、循环周期)基本一致,主要为温度(空气/土壤温度)、太阳辐射强度、饱和水汽压差和土壤含水量,且温度的贡献率最大(50.3%～71.0%)。而影响树干半径日增长量的因子存在时段差异,在增长阶段是降水量(贡献率86.9%)和最高气温(13.1%),在循环周期是降水量(50.3%)、饱和水汽压差(29.9%)、相对空气湿度(12.7%)和太阳辐射强度(7.1%),在整日阶段仅是降水量和太阳辐射强度。树径增量的环境响应在循环周期比在日时段更敏感。

Variation of stem radius of Larix principis-rupprechtii and its influencing factors in the semi-humid Liupan Mountains,China

We measured stem radius of Larix principis-rupprechtii at the semi-humid Liupan Mountains using the automatic band dendrometer over the growing season in 2016. We examined the diurnal and seasonal variations of stem radius, determined the main stem growth period, and analyzed the response of stem radius to environmental factors during the main stem growth period. The aim was to accurately understand the effects of short-term environmental variation on tree growth. The results showed that stem radius had a clear diurnal variation, with the phases of daytime shrin-kage, nighttime recovery, and increment. The seasonal variation of stem radius could be divided into three distinct stages, including stem relatively stable, stem continuous increasing, and stem swell-shrinking fluctuation. Under the meteorological, soil moisture and topographic conditions of 2016, main stem growth period of L. principis-rupprechtii started from 14th May and ended on the 31th July, with the maximum radius growth rate occurred on 8th June. The environmental factors influencing the daily radius shrinkage at different phases (shrinkage phase, daily, cycle) were gene-rally the same, including temperature (including the air and soil temperature), solar radiation intensity, saturation vapor pressure deficit and soil water content. Temperature had the highest contribution (50.3%-71.0%). However, the influencing factors of daily radius increment varied at different phases. Precipitation (with a contribution of 86.9%) and maximum air temperature (13.1%) were the influencing factors at the radius increment phase. Precipitation (50.3%), saturation vapor pressure deficit (29.9%), relative humidity (12.7%) and solar radiation intensity (7.1%) were the factors at stem cycle. Precipitation and solar radiation intensity were the factors at diurnal scale. Radius increment was more sensitive to environmental variation at the time of stem cycle than that at diurnal scale.