4种蚜虫对异色瓢虫生长发育和繁殖的影响

为明确桃蚜、萝卜蚜、胡萝卜微管蚜、瓜蚜对异色瓢虫种群扩繁的适宜性,在实验室条件下,以4种蚜为食料构建异色瓢虫两性生命表,研究不同蚜虫对异色瓢虫生长发育和繁殖的影响。结果表明: 取食不同蚜虫,异色瓢虫未成熟期由长到短依次为萝卜蚜(18.18 d)、瓜蚜(17.48 d)、胡萝卜微管蚜(16.23 d)、桃蚜(15.77 d);成虫前期存活率由高到低依次为胡萝卜微管蚜(88.3%)、桃蚜(86.7%)、萝卜蚜(55.0%)、瓜蚜(55.0%);成虫繁殖力由高到低依次为胡萝卜微管蚜(1750.5粒)、桃蚜(1441.5粒)、瓜蚜(1006.3粒)、萝卜蚜(965.2粒);成虫寿命由长到短依次为胡萝卜微管蚜(78.8 d)、桃蚜(63.1 d)、瓜蚜(54.3 d)、萝卜蚜(48.4 d);异色瓢虫种群内禀增长率r_m由高到低依次为桃蚜(0.19)、胡萝卜微管蚜(0.18)、萝卜蚜(0.14)、棉蚜(0.14);净增值率R₀由高到低依次为胡萝卜微管蚜(895.83)、桃蚜(600.62)、萝卜蚜(273.47)、棉蚜(268.33)。4种蚜虫中,胡萝卜微管蚜和桃蚜更有利于异色瓢虫种群扩繁。

Effects of four aphid species on development and reproduction of Harmonia axyridis

To examine the suitability of Myzus persicae, Lipaphis erysimi, Semiaphis heraclei and Aphis gossypii to propagation of Harmonia axyridis population, we studied the development and reproduction of this ladybird by constructing two-sex life table in the laboratory with those four aphid species as diet. The results showed that the immature duration of H. axyridis decreased in an order of L. erysimi (18.18 d), A. gossypii (17.48 d), S. heraclei (16.23 d), and M. persicae (15.77 d). The survival rates of preadult period were S. heraclei (88.3%), M. persicae (86.7%), L. ery-simi (55.0%), and A. gossypii (55.0%). The fecundity of those species were S. heraclei (1750.5), M. persicae (1441.5), A. gossypii (1006.3), and L. erysimi (965.2). The longevity of adult ladybird were S. heraclei (78.8 d), M. persicae (63.1 d), A. gossypii (54.3 d), and L. erysimi (48.4 d). The intrinsic rate of increase (r_m) of H. axyridis population decreased in an order of M. persicae (0.19), S. heraclei (0.18), L. erysimi (0.14), and A. gossypii (0.14). The net reproduction rates (R₀) were S. heraclei (895.83), M. persicae (600.62), L. erysimi (273.47), and A. gossypii (268.33). Among those four aphid species, S. heraclei and M. persicae were more suitable for the propagation of H. axyridis population.