半干旱半湿润地区流域非点源污染负荷模型研究进展

受特殊的地理环境和气候条件影响,半干旱半湿润地区具有较复杂的水文循环过程及非点源污染发生和迁移转化机制。流域非点源污染负荷模型是定量化描述流域系统复杂水文循环及污染物迁移转化过程的有效手段,也是流域生态系统管理的重要工具。本文从半干旱半湿润地区特殊的气候、水文特征及下垫面情况出发,详细阐述了非点源污染的发生机理,系统总结了流域非点源污染负荷模型在解决水环境重要问题中研究与应用的现状、进展与不足,提出了适用于半干旱半湿润地区的非点源污染负荷模型的构建思路,并展望了流域非点源污染负荷模型的发展趋势。

Research progress on non-point source pollution models for semi-arid and semi-humid watersheds

Affected by the unique geographical environment and climate, the hydrological cycle and the underlying mechanisms of the occurrence, migration, and transformation of non-point source pollution are more complicated in semi-arid and semi-humid watersheds. Non-point source pollution models are effective means for quantitatively describing the complex hydrological cycle and the process of pollutants migration and transformation, and thus served as important tools for watershed ecosystem management. Based on the unique climate, hydrological characteristics, and underlying surface conditions in semi-arid and semi-humid areas, we elaborated on the occurrence mechanism of non-point source pollution, and summarized the status, progress, and shortage of the research and application of solving water environmental problems by using non-point source pollution models. Moreover, the scheme for constructing non-point source pollution models applied to semi-arid and semi-humid areas was put forward. Finally, we discussed the development trend of non-point source pollution models.