Sulfotransferases, sulfatases and formylglycine-generating enzymes: a sulfation fascination |
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Authors: | Bojarová Pavla Williams Spencer J |
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Affiliation: | School of Chemistry and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melboume, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia. |
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Abstract: | Sulfotransferases and sulfatases are the major enzymes responsible for sulfate transfer processes. The past two years have seen the elucidation of new functions for these enzymes, and a great progression in their structural characterization, which confirms that these two types of enzymes possess a highly conserved fold. For catalytic activity, sulfatases must contain a formylglycine residue, which is generated by various formylglycine-generating enzymes. Mechanistic and structural details have recently been obtained for a group of cofactor-independent formylglycine-generating enzymes termed FGEs. Finally, an increasing light has been cast upon the mechanism of sulfatase inactivation by a group of clinically important agents, the aryl sulfamates. |
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