凯里生物群腕足动物与游泳动物共存现象研究

腕足动物是贵州凯里生物群中重要的化石门类,不仅化石数量丰富,分异度高,还具有丰富的生态现象。在寒武系的化石记录上,腕足动物常与海绵、藻类、棘皮动物、水母状生物、软舌螺、威瓦西亚虫、其他腕足动物等保存在一起,凯里生物群中的腕足动物也有类似的共存现象。本文就凯里生物群中腕足动物与游泳动物的共存现象进行了初步研究,认为腕足动物与贵州拟轮盘水母Pararotadiscus guizhouensis存在共栖、共埋两种关系,讨论了这两种关系的不同之处;分析了腕足动物与大型双瓣壳节肢动物加拿大虫Canadaspis的共存现象,推测一只腕足动物与Canadaspis共同保存的化石记录表明这两种生物存在共栖关系。本文的研究丰富了凯里生物群物种之间的生态关系,为凯里生物群的生态多样性提供了更多的证据。

THE MUTUALISM RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BRACHIOPODS AND SWIMMING ANIMALS FROM KAILI BIOTA

The Cambrian Kaili Biota from eastern Guizhou, South China encompasses more than 140 genera from 11 metazoan body plans across all kingdom-rank lineages, togethers with the Chengjiang lagerst?tte from Yunnan, China and the Burgess shale from Canada, becoming the most important Burgess Shale-type Lagerst?tte. Brachiopods are especially abundant and diverse in the Kaili Biota (next only to the dominant arthropods), so that they are an important component of the benthic communities in the Cambrian period. The brachiopods comprise 10 genera in total, i.e. Lingulella Salter, 1866, Lingulepis Hall, 1863, Palaeobolus Matthew, 1899, Acrothele Linnarsson, 1876, Linnarssonia Walcott, 1885, Paterina Beecher, 1891, Dictyonina Cooper, 1942, Micromitra Meek, 1873, Kutorgina Billings, 1861, Nisusia Walcott, 1905, Eoconcha Cooper, 1951. Many brachiopod specimens in are association with sponges, algae, echinoderms, eldonioids, hyolithids, wiwaxia, other brachio-pods from Cambrian. The brachiopod fossils of Kaili Biota also association with other taxa. A small number of fossils exhibit interesting ecological information and burial characteristics. For instance, some individual showing coexistent relations of mutualistic symbiosis, mutualistic burial, and fixed base with Echinodermata, Medusiform, Cnidaria and large bivalved ar-thropods. Mutualism relationship between brachiopods (Pararotadiscus guizhouensis) and swimming animals (Canadaspis) are recognized here. The fossil evidences include one Palaeobolus with P. guizhouensis, Acrothele on the outer ring of P. guizhouensis and only one Palaeobolus with Canadaspis. These Mutualism relationship of brachiopods and swimming an-imals provide important insights concerning ecological complexity in the Kaili Biota.