Fecundity and development of the ectoparasitic waspNasonia vitripennis are dependent on host quality |
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Authors: | David B Rivers and David L Denlinger |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 43210 Columbus, OH, USA;(2) Present address: Department of Biology, Loyola College, 21210 Baltimore, MD, USA |
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Abstract: | The gregarious, ectoparasitoidNasonia vitripennis (Walker) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) was offered pupae representing seven fly species, but only members of two families (Sarcophagidae
and Muscidae) were parasitized. Host acceptance as an oviposition site did not imply host suitability for parasitoid growth:N. vitripennis produced fewer progeny, a higher proportion of males, required a longer development time, and produced smaller adult wasps
onMusca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) than on the three sarcophagid species tested Sarcophaga bullata Parker,S. crassipalpis Macquart, andPeckia abnormis (Enderlein) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)]. The physiological and nutritional status of a preferred host,S. bullata, influenced oviposition behavior and development ofN. vitripennis. Progeny allocation and sex ratio, which were regulated by the female parasitoid during oviposition, differed on living and
dead nondiapausing hosts and on diapausing pupae. Differences in the host's nutritional condition was reflected in changes
of the wasp's development time and adult body size. Envenomation was essential for successful development of the parasitoid
on nondiapausing hosts, but venom injection byN. vitripennis did not increase the suitability of diapausing or dead pupae. The results suggest that wasp development is enhanced by changes
induced in the host by parasitism. |
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Keywords: | host recognition developmental arrest venom parasitoid development flesh fly |
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