Factors affecting birth weight of a newborn--a community based study in rural Karnataka, India |
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Authors: | Chandra S Metgud Vijaya A Naik Maheshwar D Mallapur |
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Institution: | Department of Community Medicine, KLE University, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Belgaum, Karnataka, India. docchandra2006@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: | BackgroundLow birth weight (LBW) is a major public health problem in many developing countries, especially so in India. Although we do not know all the causes of LBW, maternal and environmental factors appear to be significant risk factors in its occurrence.ObjectivesTo know the factors affecting the birth weight of a newborn and to estimate the prevalence of LBW.MethodsThe present study was carried out amongst 1138 pregnant women and their newborns residing in area covered by Kinaye Primary Health Centre in rural Karnataka, India. The study was conducted from 1st June 2008 to 31st December 2009.ResultsThe mean birth weight of newborns was 2.6 kg with a range of 1.2 to 3.8 kg. The prevalence of LBW was 22.9%. Among the studied risk factors, 25 of them were significantly associated with the birth weight of a newborn on univariate logistic regression analysis. Maternal education Odds Ratio (OR) 3.2], exposure to passive smoking OR 2.3], age at first pregnancy ≥25 years OR 3.6], birth interval <2 years OR 2.4], previous history of LBW baby OR 3.3], weight gain ≤4 kg during pregnancy OR 7.0], maternal weight at last week of gestation ≤45 kg OR 2.3], pregnancy induced hypertension OR 3.3], high risk pregnancy OR 3.6] and late antenatal registration OR 3.6] emerged as significant risk factors on multivariate analysis.ConclusionThe problem of LBW is multidimensional, and hence, we need an integrated approach incorporating medical, social, economical and educational measures to address this issue. |
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