Molecular phylogenies in angiosperm evolution |
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Authors: | Martin W; Lydiate D; Brinkmann H; Forkmann G; Saedler H; Cerff R |
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Institution: | Institut fur Genetik, Technische Universitat Braunschweig, Germany. |
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Abstract: | We have cloned and sequenced cDNAs for the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
dehydrogenase of glycolysis, gapC, from a bryophyte, a gymnosperm, and
three angiosperms. Phylogenetic analyses are presented for these data in
the context of other gapC sequences and in parallel with published
nucleotide sequences for the chloroplast encoded gene for the large subunit
of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rbcL). Relative-rate
tests were performed for these genes in order to assess variation in
substitution rate for coding regions, along individual plant lineages
studied. The results of both gene analyses suggest that the deepest
dichotomy within the angiosperms separates not magnoliids from remaining
angiosperms, but monocotyledons from dicotyledons, in sharp contrast to
prediction from the Euanthial theory for angiosperm evolution. Furthermore,
these chloroplast and nuclear sequence data taken together suggest that the
separation of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous lineages took place in
late Carboniferous times approximately 300 Myr before the present (Mybp)].
This date would exceed but be compatible with the late-Triassic
(approximately 220 Mybp) occurrence of fossil reproductive structures of
the primitive angiosperm Sanmiguelia lewisii.
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