Synergistic protective role of ceftriaxone and ascorbic acid against subacute diazinon-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Diazinon (DZN) is a synthetic organophosphrus acaricide and insecticide widely used for veterinary and agricultural purposes. However, its animal and human exposure leads to nephrotoxicity. Our experimental objective was to evaluate protective effects of ceftriaxone and/or ascorbic acid—vitamin C against DZN-induced renal injury in male Wistar albino rats. DZN-treated animals revealed significant elevation in serum biochemical parameters related to renal injury: urea, uric acid and creatinine. DZN intoxication significantly increased renal lipid peroxidation, and significant inhibition in antioxidant biomarkers including, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and total antioxidant capacity. In addition, DZN significantly reduced serum acetylcholinestrase level. Moreover, It induced serum and kidney tumor necrosis factor-α level. Both ceftriaxone and vitamin C protect against DZN-induced serum as well as renal tissue biochemical parameters when used alone or in combination along with DZN-intoxication. Furthermore, both ceftriaxone and vitamin C produced synergetic nephroprotective and antioxidant effects. Therefore, it could be concluded that ceftriaxone and/or vitamin C administration are able to minimize the toxic effects of DZN by its free radical-scavenging and potent antioxidant activity.