Blurring the germline: Genome editing and transgenerational epigenetic inheritance |
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Authors: | Tim Lewens |
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Institution: | Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland |
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Abstract: | Sperm, eggs and embryos are made up of more than genes, and there are indications that changes to non-genetic structures in these elements of the germline can also be inherited. It is, therefore, a mistake to treat phrases like ‘germline inheritance’ and ‘genetic inheritance’ as simple synonyms, and bioethical discussion should expand its focus beyond alterations to the genome when considering the ethics of germline modification. Moreover, additional research on non-genetic inheritance draws attention to a variety of means whereby differences can be inherited in offspring generations that do not rely on differences in germline structures. Research on these diverse forms of inheritance challenges the notion that there is some special form of ethical concern that falls on germline interventions in general, and on interventions to the nuclear genome within the germline in particular. |
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Keywords: | epigenome editing genome editing germ cells germline inheritance HFEA mitochondrial donation transgenerational epigenetic inheritance |
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