Delayed juvenile dispersal benefits both mother and offspring in the cooperative spider Anelosimus studiosus (Araneae: Theridiidae) |
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Authors: | Jones Thomas C; Parker Patricia G |
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Institution: | Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State
University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA |
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Abstract: | Anelosimus studiosus juveniles usually remain in their natalwebs with their mothers until maturity, forming temporary coloniesin which individuals cooperate in web maintenance and preycapture. In a semi-natural environment, we experimentally removedjuveniles from their natal webs at mid-development. In thecontrol group, the juveniles were immediately replaced in theirnatal webs; in the experimental removal group, the juvenileswere not replaced and a sample of them were allowed to buildindividual webs. Colonies and solitary juveniles were exposedto natural prey densities and censused regularly for numbersand stages of spiders, and for prey capture. On average, juvenilesin colonies survived longer, developed faster, and had more
resources per individual than did solitary juveniles. However,some of the solitary juveniles obtained more resources thanindividual juveniles in colonies. Mothers in the control groupsurvived longer and produced second broods earlier than mothersin the experimental removal group. Within the control group,older and larger colonies captured more and larger prey. Larger
colonies had a lower coefficient of variation in prey capturedper juvenile. Overall, delayed juvenile dispersal benefitsboth juveniles and mothers. |
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Keywords: | Anelosimus studiosus delayed dispersal parental care parental investment risk sensitivity social spiders |
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