Resistance training frequency: strength and myosin heavy chain responses to two and three bouts per week |
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Authors: | Timothy J. Carroll Peter J. Abernethy Peter A. Logan Margaret Barber Michael T. McEniery |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia, AU;(2) Exercise Physiology and Applied Sports Nutrition Unit, Australian Institute of Sport, PO Box 176, Belconnen ACT 2616, Australia, AU;(3) The University of Queensland Sports Medicine Clinic, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia, AU |
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Abstract: | Seventeen subjects performed resistance training of the leg extensor and flexor muscle groups two (2/wk) or three (3/wk) times per week. Changes in the relative myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform contents (I, IIa and IIx) of the vastus lateralis and isometric, isokinetic and squat-lift one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength were compared between conditions after both a common training period (6 weeks) and number of training sessions (18). After 6 weeks and 18 sessions (9 weeks for the 2/wk group), increments in 1RM strength for the 3/wk and 2/wk groups were similar [effect size (ES) differences ≈0.3, 3/wk > 2/wk], whereas the 2/wk group presented greater isokinetic (ES differences = 0.3–1.2) and isometric (ES differences ≈0.7) strength increases than the 3/wk condition. A significant (P < 0.05) increase in MHC IIa percentage was evident for the 2/wk group after 18 sessions. Both training groups exhibited a trend towards a reduction in the relative MHC IIx and an increase in MHC IIa contents (ES range = 0.5–1.24). However, correlations between changes in the strength and MHC profiles were weak (r 2: 0.0–0.5). Thus, isometric and isokinetic strength responses to variations in training frequency differed from 1RM strength responses, and changes in strength were not strongly related to alterations in relative MHC content. Accepted: 19 March 1998 |
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Keywords: | 1RM strength Isokinetic strength Isometric strength Inter-session recovery |
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