Biodegradation study by Pseudomonas sp. of flexible polyurethane foams derived from castor oil |
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| Affiliation: | 1. INTEC (Universidad Nacional del Litoral – CONICET), Güemes 3450, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina;2. Grupo Procesos Fisicoquímicos Aplicados, Universidad de Antioquía, Medellín, Colombia;3. Departamento de Ing. en Alimentos, Área Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Química (Universidad Nacional del Litoral), Santa Fe, Argentina;1. Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Queensland 4072, Australia;2. Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Serpong–Tangerang Selatan 15314, Indonesia;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Seoul, 02504 Seoul, South Korea;2. Perceived Materials Research Team, R&D Division, Hyundai Motor Group, 772-1 Jangduk-dong, Hwaseong-si, 445-706 Gyeonggi-do, South Korea;1. Institute of Material Science and Technology (INTEMA), National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina;2. Cracow University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow, Poland |
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| Abstract: | The synthesis and biodegradation of polyurethane foams obtained from environmentally benign processes were studied.Flexible polyurethane foams based on castor oil modified with maleic anhydride (MACO) were synthesized. The synthesis involved a single-stage process by mixing castor oil/MACO (weight ratios 75:25 and 25:75) and 2-4 toluene diisocyanate (TDI) in stoichiometric amount of OH:NCO. The biodegradability studies with cultures of a Pseudomonas sp. strain (DBFIQ-P36) involved incubation periods of 2 months at 37 °C. Polymers were characterized before and after biodegradation by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), INSTRON mechanical tester, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the addition of MACO produces a considerable increase in the rate of degradation and an important change in the chemical and morphological structures. This is due to the presence of ester groups that are vulnerable to chemical hydrolysis and enzymatic attack. The eco-toxicity after the biodegradation was evaluated. Toxic compounds such as primary amines were identified by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) in combination with Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) as degradation products. |
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| Keywords: | Polyurethane foams Castor oil Biodegradation |
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