Quantitative analysis of multiple fatty acid ethanolamides using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry |
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| Institution: | 1. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina;2. Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, R+DPharma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain;3. Laboratorio de Farmacología Experimental, Básica y Traslacional, Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina;4. Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina;5. Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IMBECU-CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina;1. Department of Brain and Learning Science, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;2. Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210096, China;3. Institute of Child Development and Education, Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;4. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China;5. School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China;6. College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;1. Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga/Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, 29010, Spain;2. Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Spain;3. Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;4. IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain;5. CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain;6. Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Spain;1. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 E. 10th Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA;2. Gill Center for Biomolecular Neuroscience, Indiana University, 702 N. Walnut Grove Avenue, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA;1. Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden;2. Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden;3. Department of Clinical Sciences, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden;4. Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;5. Foods for Health Institute, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA |
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| Abstract: | Fatty acid ethanolamides (FAE) represent a group of lipid signaling molecules associated with many physiological and pharmacological actions; however, low FAE tissue levels pose challenges in terms of analytical characterization. The objective was to develop a competent ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method for analysis of multiple FAE in animal and human tissue samples. Analytes were extracted using lipid-phase and solid-phase extraction procedures. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a gradient elution in 8 min. FAE were quantified by MS/MS in positive electrospray ionization mode. Linearity was shown in lower and higher FAE concentration ranges, with a limit of quantification (LOQ) ≤0.2 ng/ml for FAE including alpha-linolenoylethanolamide (ALEA), arachidonoylethanolamide (AEA), docosahexaenoylethanolamide (DHEA), linoleoylethanolamide (LEA), oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA). Accuracy was shown to be between 92.4% and 108.8%, and precision was <10% for all FAE species. In sum, this sensitive and reproducible method can be used to simultaneously determine multiple FAE at low concentrations in order to facilitate further study of the role of FAE on physiological state. |
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