Olive mill waste composting: A review |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain;2. Department of Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, Higher Polytechnic School of Linares, University of Jaen, C/Alfonso X, el Sabio, 28, 23700 Linares, Jaén, Spain;1. Food Sciences Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences – Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box: 2390, 40001 Marrakech, Morocco;2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences – Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, P.O. Box: 2390, 40001 Marrakech, Morocco |
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Abstract: | Olive mill wastes exacerbate environmental problems in Mediterranean countries. These wastes are highly phytotoxic and contain phenolic compounds, lipids and organic acids. They also contain high percentages of organic matter and a vast range of plant nutrients that could be reused as fertilizers for sustainable agricultural practices. In this paper, recent research on composting wastes of 2-phase and 3-phase olive mills is reviewed, concentrating on factors affecting composting such as bulking agents, aeration strategy, physicochemical characteristics (duration of the thermophilic phase, moisture content, organic matter, volatile solids, total organic carbon, water soluble carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, potassium, C/N ratio, phenols and the humification process), and phytotoxicity. The review highlights the effects of composting operational factors (bulking agent, additives, and aeration strategy) on the physicochemical characteristics of the final compost, and the production of a good quality soil amender or fertilizer. |
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Keywords: | Compost Review Olive mill wastes Biodegradation |
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