亚硝酸盐型甲烷厌氧氧化及其功能微生物研究进展

亚硝酸盐型甲烷厌氧氧化（nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation，N-DAMO）是耦合氮循环和碳循环的关键环节，主要是由亚硝酸盐型甲烷厌氧氧化菌（Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera）介导完成，对于研究全球氮和碳元素的生物地球化学循环具有重要意义。本文首先总结了国内外N-DAMO的影响因素和在不同自然生态系统中的分布；然后阐述了N-DAMO菌的生理生化特性及其富集培养优化实验和检测技术，最后探讨了N-DAMO技术的应用现状。本综述不仅有助于揭示全球碳氮循环的耦合作用机制，也为N-DAMO反应耦合其他厌氧生物处理过程应用到污水的除碳脱氮上提供了理论依据。

Nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation and microbial characteristics: a review

Nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (N-DAMO) is a key link that couples the nitrogen cycle and the carbon cycle. It is mediated by Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera. The discovery of the N-DAMO process has important implications for the study of the global carbon and nitrogen cycling. Through literature review, this article firstly summarized the influencing factors of N-DAMO reaction at home and abroad, N-DAMO reaction under different natural ecosystems. Then, it elaborated the functional structure, physiological and biochemical characteristics of N-DAMO bacteria, the enrichment and culture optimization of N-DAMO bacteria, and research techniques for N-DAMO reaction. Finally, the application research of N-DAMO was discussed. This article not only helps to reveal the coupling mechanism of global carbon and nitrogen cycles, but also provides a theoretical basis for N-DAMO reaction coupled with other anaerobic biological treatment processes to be applied to wastewater carbon and nitrogen removal.