生态系统服务价值的市场转化问题初探

为生态系统服务寻找建立特定的、真实的市场环境，将生态系统服务的间接价值转化为直接的经济价值，既有利于区域经济的发展，又可促进人们对生态系统服务功能的维持和保护。提出了生态系统服务价值的市场转化(率)概念，即生态系统服务价值市场转化是指为生态系统服务价值寻找建立特定的、真实的市场环境，使一些生态系统服务能够像普通商品一样进入市场流通，转化为直接的经济价值；而生态系统服务价值市场转化率(Cr)就是能够进入市场流通的服务价值(Va)占生态系统总服务价值(Vg)的比例。阐述了市场转化(率)的应用意义。在此基础上分析了全球及我国各类生态系统服务价值的市场转化情况，并提出了将来的发展思路。

Discussion on the conversion from ecosystem services to marketplaces

Ecosystem services are basic for human living, and their values are very huge. However, present valuation on ecosystem services are based on hypothetical market. How to develop realistic market for ecosystem services, convert value of ecosystem services to marketplace, is more essential for environmental conservation and regional economic development. In this paper, we firstly developed a concept of conversion, which was defined as the value of ecosystem services when accessing to marketplaces (Va) through developing realistic market. Conversion rate (Cr) was the proportion of values that could be accepted by marketplaces in the gross values (Vg). Then, we analyzed the conversion rate of ecosystem services values in different world and in China.