狭义小奥德蘑属（膨瑚菌科,蘑菇目）的一个新系统

本文对狭义小奥德蘑属Oudemansiella s. str.的概念做了修订，在修订后的属中，狭义干蘑属Xerula s. str.的物种不纳入其中。在狭义小奥德蘑属下，提出了一个包含4个组O. sect. Oudemansiella、Mucidula、Dactylosporina 和 Radicatae的新系统。小奥德蘑组sect. Oudemansiella包括热带至南温带的一些物种，如新热带小奥德蘑O. platensis、澳洲小奥德蘑O. australis、旧热带小奥德蘑O. canarii和宽褶小奥德蘑O. crassifolia，这些物种的菌盖表皮为粘栅栏型，由菌丝组成，但其中常夹杂有链状排列的膨大细胞。粘蘑组sect. Mucidula包含北半球温带至亚热带的一些物种，如粘小奥德蘑O. mucida、网褶小奥德蘑O. venosolamellata和近粘小奥德蘑O. submucida，其菌盖表皮为粘子实层-栅栏型，由近棒状的顶端膨大细胞组成。小奥德蘑组和粘蘑组的物种，在外形和小生境上有相似之处，其担子果皆生于地表外的腐木上，菌柄上有或无菌环。刺孢组sect. Dactylosporina包含中南美洲那些孢子表面有指状凸起的物种。长根组sect. Radicatae由长根小奥德蘑O. radicata及其近缘种为代表，是该属中最大的组，包括该属其他三组之外的所有种。北美的O. americana、欧洲的O. caussei 和东亚的O. hongoi曾被置于小奥德蘑属中的白毛组O. sect. Albotomentosae或干蘑属的亮毛组X. sect. Hyalosetae，在本系统中它们没有纳入小奥德蘑属，因为它们可能代表一个单独的属。本文还提出了1新等级、32个新组合和1个新名称。

A new systematic arrangement of the genus Oudemansiella s. str. (Physalacriaceae, Agari-cales)

The genus Oudemansiella s. str. has been revised and circumscribed as an assemblage of taxa excluding the genus Xerula s. str. A new systematic arrangement with four sections, i.e., Oudemansiella, Mucidula, Dactylosporina and Radicatae, is proposed. Section Oudemansiella is comprised of tropical to south temperate species, e.g., O. platensis, O. australis, O. canarii and O. crassifolia, with an ixotrichoderm pileipellis composed of filamentous hyphae that, in many cases, are intermixed with inflated cells often occurring in chains, while section Mucidula encompasses north temperate and subtropical taxa such as O. mucida, O. venosolamellata and O. submucida that have an ixohymeniderm-trichoderm pileipellis composed of more or less clavate terminal cells. Sections Oudemansiella and Mucidula share similar habitats and forms of basidiomata, i.e., with or without a (rudimentary) annulus on the stipe and growing on exposed rotten wood. Section Dactylosporina accommodates species from South and Central America with basidiospores that have finger-like ornamentation. Section Radicatae, represented by O. radicata and its allies, is the largest section and includes the remaining species of the genus in its restricted sense. Oudemansiella americana, O. caussei and O. hongoi, previously treated in O. sect. Albotomentosae or Xerula sect. Hyalosetae, are excluded from Oudemansiella in this treatment because preliminary data indicate that they represent a segregate genus. Section Mucidula, 32 combinations and 1 name are newly proposed.