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Bioactivity-guided fractionation for anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and constituents of Xanthium strumarium L. |
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| Authors: | T Han H-L Li Q-Y Zhang P Han H-C Zheng K Rahman L-P Qin |
| Institution: | aDepartment of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China bDepartment of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China cFaculty of Science, School of Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK |
| Abstract: | The aim of this study was to fractionate an extract of Xanthium strumarium L. (EXS) and to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the extract and its fractions. The ethanol extract of X. strumarium (EXS) was fractionated on the basis of polarity. Among the different fractions, the n-butanol fraction showed the highest anti-inflammatory activity in the croton-oil-induced ear edema test and furthermore reduced the number of writhings induced by acetic acid in mice in a dose-dependent manner. This indicates that the n-butanol fraction of X. strumarium possesses potent analgesic effects which are likely to be mediated by its anti-inflammatory activity. Bioassay-guided fractionation of EXS led to the isolation and identification of ten caffeoylquinic acids and three heterocyclics by HPLC–DAD–MSn from the active n-butanol fraction, implying that the active compounds are polar in nature. The isolated caffeoylquinic acids could partially explain the antinociceptive effect of X. strumarium polar extract. |
| Keywords: | Xanthium strumarium Anti-inflammatory Analgesic Croton-oil-induced ear edema Acetic-acid-induced writhing Bioassay-guided isolation |
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