Assessing phylogeographic variation in the Rosyside Dace (Teleostei,Leuciscidae), a widespread morphologically variable taxon

Clinostomus (Leuciscidae) is a wide-ranging freshwater fish genus that occurs throughout eastern North America and southern portions of Canada with two species currently recognized: C. elongatus and C. funduloides. A previous taxonomic study of C. funduloides recognized two subspecies (estor and funduloides) and one diagnosed, but undescribed subspecies based on morphological characteristics and geographic distribution. In this study, we used three molecular markers (cytochrome b, S7 intron 1 and growth hormone intron 4) to test the three lineage hypothesis and evaluate genetic variation of C. funduloides across the range using Bayesian inference. Our results indicate that C. funduloides is not monophyletic, as individuals of C. elongatus nest within C. funduloides in both the mtDNA and nDNA phylogenetic analyses, although the position of C. elongatus varies between data sets. In addition, some of the recovered clades are deeply divergent from one another, further supporting the distinctiveness of many of the populations. Overall, these results suggest that subspecies designations are not warranted and a taxonomic revision is needed as Clinostomus is likely more diverse than is currently recognized.