Effects of cytokinin on callus proliferation associated with physiological and biochemical changes in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vitis vinifera</Emphasis> L. |
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Authors: | M Ozden M Karaaslan |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, 63040 Sanliurfa, Turkey;(2) Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, 63040 Sanliurfa, Turkey |
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Abstract: | The essential role of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) in plant tissue culture has been widely known; however, physiological and biochemical
mechanisms behind BA requirement have not been fully understood yet. BA may have an important role on callus growth by regulating
antioxidant enzyme activities and acting as an effective free radical scavenger. To test this hypothesis, the impact of exogenous
BA concentrations on antioxidative system in Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Bogazkere’ callus was investigated under in vitro conditions. Relative fresh weight growth (RFWG) of calli, total
phenolics (TP) content, endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), proline concentrations, percentage of electrolyte leakage (EL), and some of the antioxidant enzyme
activities; such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), and guaiacol peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)
were measured. Inhibitory effect of high concentrations of BA on antioxidant enzyme activities and RFWG was found. In the
presence of BA at 0.1 mg L−1, SOD, POD, and APX activities decreased, while CAT activity increased in comparison with the controls. Exogenous BA treatments
higher than 0.1 mg L−1 resulted in an increase in cellular TP, H2O2, MDA, proline contents, and percentage of EL, while RFWG of calli decreased. Based on the findings, it may be concluded that
only 0.1 mg L−1 BA concentration combined with NAA could play a direct role in reducing the level of free radicals and phenolic production
associated with proliferation capacity of grape cells under in vitro conditions. Furthermore, cytokinin was effective in the
antioxidative enzyme system, lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage. |
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