在不同条件下人工饲养大鲵的呼吸特征

于2004年4月25日～5月15日在河南卢氏县大鲵（Andrias davidianus）养殖场对大鲵肺呼吸活动的方式进行了详细观察，发现与已报道的方式不同。大鲵的肺呼吸采取了肺腔贮存气体、间歇式浮出水面、以1次呼气和2次吸气、咽气过程构成的换气方式来适应水栖生活，其肺呼吸活动方式属于四程式呼吸。大鲵在白天休息状态下的肺换气频次受气温、水温和大气压等气候因子变化的影响，换气频次的多少与水温的高低变化呈正相关（R=0．917，P〈0．01），与大气压的高低变化呈负相关（R=-0．954．P〈0．01）。

Characteristic of Pulmonary Respiration of Chinese Giant Salamander in Different Captivity Conditions

Detailed observation on the manner of the lung ventilation of Chinese Giant Salamander(Andrias davidianus) was made at the Lushi farm in Henan Province.The results revealed that its manner of lung ventilation was different from the previous report.Chinese Giant Salamander saved air in lung cavity under water,then floated out of water to ventilate intermittently.Each respiratory cycle consists of one exhalation,two inspiration and gulping fresh air continuously.The procedure of lung ventilation belongs to the four-stroke breathing.Its lung ventilation frequency at rest during daytime(06:00-20:00) is influenced by climatic factors such as air temperature,water temperature and atmospheric pressure.The frequency of lung ventilation is positively related to the change of water temperature(R=0.917,P<0.01),and is negatively related to the change of atmospheric pressure(R=-0.954,P<0.01).