拟豆寇种子的解剖学和组织化学研究

拟豆寇（Paramomum petaloideum)种子包括假种皮，种皮，外胚乳，内胚乳和胚，假种皮膜质，由5－7层薄壁细胞构成，种皮分外种皮，中种皮和内种皮，外种皮由一层细胞构成，其壁增厚并木质化，中种皮包括下皮导,透明细胞层和色素层，下皮由一层细胞构成，细胞近长方形，半透明细胞层由一层细胞组成，细胞近长方形或长条形，形态上与色素层细胞相似，但可通过染色方法把二者区分，色素层由一至二层细胞构成，最内层细胞形态有时难以分辨，内种皮由一层内切几壁非常增厚的石细胞构成，珠孔区分化出珠孔领，孔盖和珠孔区薄壁细胞，珠孔领导形型，孔盖具有石细胞硬具，合点区内种皮内凹陷并出现缺口，缺口位于种子近顶部偏向背侧，缺口间的合点区色素细胞群整体轮廓呈喇形，壁呈波浪形的外胚细胞富含淀粉粒，内胚乳最外一层细胞体积小，富含脂类物质，内胚乳合点端多层细胞，珠孔端为一层细胞，含丰富蛋白质，脂类物质主要存在于胚中，本文还从种子解剖学角度讨论了拟豆寇的系统位置。

Anatomy And Histochemistry of Paramomus petaloideum Seeds

The seed of Paramomum petaloideum comprises aril, seedcoat, perisperm, endosperm and embryo. The membranous aril contains 5-7 parenchymatous cells. The seed coat can be divided into exotesta, mesotesta and endotesta. The exotesta contains only one layer of epidermal cells, their cell walls are thickened and slightly lignified. The mesotesta includes hypodermis, translucent cell layer and pigment layer. Translucent cells are rectangular morphologically similar to pigment cells but they can be distinguished by staining method. The pigment cell layer includes 1-2 layers of cell. The cells of inner layer sometimes are obscure. The endotesta contains only one layer of sclereids and their inner anticlinal walls are strongly thickened. Micropylar collar, operculum and parenchymatous cells are differentiated at the micropylar region. The micropylar collar is heteomorphic type. Operculum belongs to sclereid type. A gap of endotesta exists at dorsal side near the top of seed in the chalazal region and is filled with a group of pigment cells. The outline of the pigment cell group is trumped-shaped. Plenty of starch grains present in perisperm cells. The endosperm has two parts, one part near the micropylar end with monolayer of cells, and the other is one near the chalazal end of multilayered structure. The endosperm cells are filled with protein except the cells of mostouter layer of endosperm, which is filled with lipids. Lipids also present in embryo cells. The phylogenic position of Paramomum was discussed in this paper based on the anatomy of seeds.