Detection of bacterial contamination in starch and resin-based papermaking chemicals using fluorescence techniques |
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Authors: | Nohynek Liisa Saski Eija Haikara Auli Raaska Laura |
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Institution: | (1) , VTT Biotechnology, P.O. Box 1500, 02044 VTT, Finland,;(2) , M-real Corporation, P.O. Box 20, 02020 METSA, Finland, |
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Abstract: | Rapid fluorescence techniques were evaluated for the detection of bacterial contaminants in papermaking chemicals including
starch and the resin-based sizes and starch slurries used in the paper industry. Viable and non-viable bacterial cells were
visualised by fluorescent probes and detected by epifluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. The best discrimination ability
was obtained with the fluorescent probes LIVE/DEAD and SYBR Green, based on the staining of cellular nucleic acid, and ChemChrome
V3, which demonstrated cellular enzymatic activity. The process samples had to be diluted and filtered before fluorescence
staining and analysis because they were viscous and contained solid particles. Fluorescence microscopic counts of bacteria
in highly contaminated process samples were similar to plate counts, but flow cytometric enumeration of bacterial cells in
process samples yielded 2- to 10-fold lower counts compared with plate counts, depending on the consistency of the sample.
The detection limits in flow cytometric analysis and in epifluorescence microscopy were 103–106 cells ml−1 and 105–106 cells ml−1, respectively. Intrinsic bacterial contamination was detectable with fluorescence techniques and highly contaminated process
samples could be analysed with fluorescence methods.
Electronic Publication |
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Keywords: | Starch Fluorescence techniques Paper industry Hygiene |
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