有机磷生物修复研究进展

目前，有机磷的生物修复还主要是微生物修复。但是植物修复更具优越性，因其花费更少、对环境更安全。然而植物对生长条件的要求相对较高，修复效率较低，应用还非常有限。本文综述了有机磷微生物修复和植物修复的研究进展，总结了已知的有机磷降解酶及其生物来源。结果表明，植物材料的筛选、土壤与OPs作用机理的研究、植物耐受和消除OPs的基因组学研究、植物-微生物联合降解体系的建立以及降解酶的植物根系分泌系统的利用是提高有机磷植物修复效率的重要途径。

Bioremediation of organophosphate

Now organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) bioremediation mainly means microbial bioremediation. However, phytoremediation has an advantage over microbial bioremediation because phytoremediation is safer and costs less than microbial bioremediation. Nevertheless, phytoremediation has limitations yet such as plants need better growth conditions and the efficiency of phytoremediation is lower. All these have confined the application of phytoremediation. Progresses of microbial bioremediation and phytoremediation of OPs were reviewed and OPs degrading enzymes and their organism sources, which are known by now, were summarized. Moreover, there are five important ways to enhance the efficiency of phytoremediation of OPs. They are culling plants, studying the action between soil and OPs, studying the genes that can resist or get rid of OPs, setting up the combined system of microbial bioremediation and phytoremediation and using degrading enzymes secreted selectively by roots.