转Cry1Ah基因抗虫玉米HGK60对田间节肢动物及杂草多样性的影响

近年来,随着转基因技术快速发展,转基因作物环境释放风险成为需要重点关注的问题,而对生物多样性的影响研究是客观评价其风险的重要手段。本研究以2018年海南春、冬两季转Cry1Ah基因抗虫玉米‘HGK60'及其对照常规玉米‘郑58'为研究对象,重点探讨了其对田间节肢动物、虫害及杂草多样性的影响。 结果表明: 田间调查共记录节肢动物43753头,隶属7目19科69种,转基因抗虫玉米HGK60与对照常规玉米郑58的节肢动物群落组成、结构及各生态指标均无显著差异;与郑58玉米相比,转基因抗虫玉米HGK60对钻蛀类害虫具有明显的抗性;田间杂草隶属8科16种,转基因抗虫玉米HGK60与郑58玉米田间杂草在密度及各生态指标上差异均不显著,且二者在整个生育期的变化趋势基本一致。说明转Cry1Ah基因抗虫玉米HGK60的种植对田间节肢动物及杂草多样性无显著的影响。该结果为转基因作物的环境风险研究提供了一定的数据支持。

Impacts of transgenic insect-resistant maize HGK60 with Cry1Ah gene on biodiversity of arthropods and weeds in the field.

Transgenic technology has developed rapidly in recent years. The environmental risk of the release of transgenic organisms is still a key issue. Research on the impacts on biodiversity is an effective way to objectively evaluate the risk. By taking transgenic maize HGK60 with insect-resis-tant gene Cry1Ah and common maize Zheng58 as control, we examined the diversity of arthropods and weeds in spring and winter of 2018 in Hainan Province. 43753 arthropods belonging to 69 species, 19 families, and 7 orders were obtained. There was no significant difference in arthropod community composition, structure and ecological indices between HGK60 and Zheng58. Compared with Zheng58, the transgenic insect-resistant maize HGK60 had obvious resistance to wood boring beetles. 16 species of weeds belonging to 8 families were recorded in the field. There was no significant difference in the density and ecological indices of weeds between HGK60 and Zheng58, with almost the same change trends in the whole growth period. Our results suggested that planting transgenic maize HGK60 with insect-resistant gene Cry1Ah did not affect biodiversity of arthropods and weeds. The results provided scientific support for the further studies of environmental risk of transgenic crops.