井冈山自然保护区蕨类植物资源

井冈山国家级自然保护区地处江西省中部, 属罗霄山脉中段。在野外调查和查阅有关资料的基础上, 对该区蕨类植物资源进行了初步研究。结果表明:1)井冈山国家级自然保护区分布有蕨类植物共44 科, 包括101 属、304 种(含变种和变型);2)该保护区中的蕨类植物资源优势科、优势属均表现明显, 优势科为:鳞毛蕨科, 水龙骨科, 蹄盖蕨科, 金星蕨科;优势属为鳞毛蕨属、铁角蕨属、复叶耳蕨属、凤尾蕨属和耳蕨属;3)科的分布区类型只有7 个, 且均为热带分布型, 以泛热带分布、热带亚洲至热带非洲间断分布和热带亚洲分布为主, 它们分别占本区总科数的66.67%、12.12%和12.12%;4)属的地理成分组成复杂, 具有14 个分布区类型, 其中热带成分占属数的68.54%, 且以泛热带和热带亚洲分布型属为主;温带成分占25.84%, 且以东亚和北温带分布为主。在中国植物区系的分区上属泛北植物区, 中国-日本森林植被亚区, 处于华东植物地区和华南植物地区的过渡区域;5)本蕨类植物区系与庐山、武夷山、天目山等地有密切联系, 可划为同一自然区, 均处于上述过渡区域内;6)本区的蕨类植物资源具有较高的开发和利用价值, 可分为指示植物、药用、食用、观赏用、工业用等类型。

Studied on the pteridophytes resources in Jinggangshan Nature Reserve

On the basic of field investigations and referring to related data, the flora of pteridophytes in Jinggangshan Nature Reserve was studied in this paper.The results indicate:1)The pteridophytes species is rich in this Nature Reserve, with 304 species of pteridophytes of 101 genera in 44 families;2)Results of statistic analysis reveals that, in this flora, the dominant families are these:Dryopteridaceae, Polypodiaceae, Athyriaceae and Thelypteridaceae;The dominant genera are these:Dryopteris, Asplenium, Arachniodes, Peris and Phanerophlebiopsis;3)The areal-types of family are 7, which are all tropic elements.Among these elements, the pan-tropical ones, tropic-Asia & tropical-African and tropical-Asia ones are the main ones, they each occupy 66. 67%、12.12%and 12.12%of the total families;4)The flora of genera with compound floristic elements.There are 14 areal-types, among these elements, the tropical ones among which the pan-tropic and tropical-Asia ones are the main ones, occupy 68.54%of the total and the temperate ones whose key elements are the North Temperate and Eastern-Asia ones occupy 25.84%.In terms of the floristic zone, the flora in Jinggangshan is a transitional type between the East-China and South-China areas;5)The results got through the methods of clustering and PCA between this flora and that in some others indicate:The flora here shows a close relation with those of Lushan, Wuyishan and Tianmushan;6)The pteridophytes resources in Jinggangshan have upper exploitation and using value.They can be divided to 5 types, including directions plants, medicine plants, edible plants, view and admire plants, and industry plants.