The cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violaceus PCC 7421 uses bacterial-type phytoene desaturase in carotenoid biosynthesis |
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Authors: | Tsuchiya Tohru Takaichi Shinichi Misawa Norihiko Maoka Takashi Miyashita Hideaki Mimuro Mamoru |
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Affiliation: | Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. |
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Abstract: | Carotenoid composition and its biosynthetic pathway in the cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violaceus PCC 7421 were investigated. beta-Carotene and (2S,2'S)-oscillol 2,2'-di(alpha-L-fucoside), and echinenone were major and minor carotenoids, respectively. We identified two unique genes for carotenoid biosynthesis using in vivo functional complementation experiments. In Gloeobacter, a bacterial-type phytoene desaturase (CrtI), rather than plant-type desaturases (CrtP and CrtQ), produced lycopene. This is the first demonstration of an oxygenic photosynthetic organism utilizing bacterial-type phytoene desaturase. We also revealed that echinenone synthesis is catalyzed by CrtW rather than CrtO. These findings indicated that Gloeobacter retains ancestral properties of carotenoid biosynthesis. |
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Keywords: | CD, circular dichroism Chl, chlorophyll FD-MS, field desorption mass spectrometry HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography NMR, nuclear magnetic resonance |
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