微胚乳玉米籽粒糊粉层细胞显微结构研究

研究了10类含油率不同玉米的糊粉层厚度、结构以及糊粉层厚度与籽粒含油量、去胚籽粒(即籽粒除胚以外的其它部分)含油量、籽粒重、去胚籽粒重、籽粒蛋白质含量、胚重及胚含油量的相关性。结果显示:(1)3类微胚乳玉米糊粉层厚度最大且显著高于第7类普通高油玉米和第10类普通硬粒玉米;(2)糊粉层厚度与籽粒含油率、去胚籽粒含油率均呈极显著正相关,与籽粒重和去胚籽粒重则呈极显著负相关;(3)有些微胚乳玉米的胚乳存在不同程度的解体。因此认为糊粉层厚度和籽粒重可以作为标记性状筛选超高油玉米;在有的微胚乳玉米中,高含油量可能依赖于淀粉降解。

Studies on micro-structure of aleurone cell in micro-endosperm maizes

10 types of corn with different oil concentrations were used to study the aleurone-cell thickness,structure and the correlations between aleurone thickness and kernel-oil concentration,ERK(embryo-removed kernel)-oil concentration,kernel weight,ERK weight,kernel-protein concentration,embryo weight and embryo-oil concentration,respectively. The results suggested that:(1)the 3 Mini-Endosperm corns (MECs) were of the highest aleurone thickness,the aleurone thickness of the 3 MECs was significantly higher than that of the 7th common-high-oil corn and the 10th common-flint corn; (2)the aleurone thickness was very positively correlated to kernel-oil concentration and ERK oil concentration,but very negatively correlated to kernel weight and ERK weight; (3)some of the MECs showed degenerative endosperm. Based on these results,we suggested that both aleurone thickness and kernel weight could be used as markers to select super-oil corn and in some MECs,high oil concentration might be based on endosperm degeneration.