基于植被羰基硫通量估算陆地生态系统总初级生产力研究进展

羰基硫(COS)是大气中的长周期痕量气体，其分子结构、对流层大气混合比的昼夜和季节动态类似于二氧化碳(CO₂)。植物光合作用及其水解过程中，受扩散通路导度和酶活性影响，气孔的COS与CO₂吸收紧密相关，同时，植物自养呼吸并不释放COS。最新研究中，采用植被COS通量直接指示生态系统总初级生产力(GPP)。综述了植被COS通量与光合作用中碳固定过程的关联机制，以及采用涡度相关观测、整合大气COS监测和生态系统过程模型等方法开展植被COS通量与GPP研究的最新进展，探讨了关键生态过程和参数，发现方法存在以下瓶颈：(1)生理过程、尺度效应和解析效应影响了COS与CO₂的叶片相对吸收率，(2)观测与模拟手段有待进一步耦合，(3)全球COS观测密度限制了方法验证，(4)硫循环过程影响了多区域模拟精度。方法发展的前沿领域包括：(1)开展重点地区植被COS通量观测，(2)提高COS卫星柱浓度的覆盖范围，(3)完善生态系统过程模型的COS吸收机理。展望未来研究关注的科学问题是：对于亚热带等尚待开展COS连续观测的区域，采用植被COS通量...

Research progress on estimating the gross primary productivity of terrestrial ecosystem based on vegetation carbonyl sulfide flux

Carbonyl sulfide (COS) is a long-living trace gas in the atmosphere, its'' molecular structure, diurnal and seasonal dynamics of the tropospheric atmosphere mixing ratio are similar to carbon dioxide (CO₂). During plant photosynthesis and its'' hydrolysis process, COS assimilation of stomata is closely related to CO₂, which is affected by the sharing diffusion pathway conductance and the enzymatic activities. Meanwhile, plant autotrophic respiration cannot release COS. In the latest studies, plant COS flux is used to indicate the ecosystem gross primary productivity (GPP) directly. In this study, we have reviewed the mechanism of association between plant COS flux and carbon fixation in photosynthesis, as well as the most recent research progresses of either eddy covariance COS flux observation, or the method which couples atmospheric COS monitor and ecosystem process model. And we have further dicussed the key ecological processes and parameters when use COS flux to indicate GPP. We have found these methods are confronted with the following bottlenecks:1) the physiological processes, scale effects, and decoupling effects can affect the leaf relative uptake rates (LRU) of COS and CO₂; 2) the observation and simulation methods need to be further integrated; 3) the density of global COS observation sites have limited method validation; 4) The sulfur cycle process have affected the accuracy of multi-regional simulation. The frontier areas of these methods breakthrough include:1) carry out COS flux observation in key areas and multi-biomes; 2) improve the coverage of atmospheric COS monitor by satellite column concentration; 3) improve the ecosystem process model by COS absorption mechanisms. The scientific issues this article focus on are:In the subtropical region, as well as some other regions in urgent need of atmospheric COS and COS flux observations, how about the accuracy and uncertainty of applicating as a direct proxy of GPP?