Increased Diversity of Predacious <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bdellovibrio</Emphasis>-Like Organisms (BLOs) as a Function of Eutrophication in Kumaon Lakes of India |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Ashvini?ChauhanEmail author Gamola?Z?Fortenberry Dawn?E?Lewis Henry?N?Williams |
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Institution: | (1) Environmental Sciences Institute, Florida A&M University, 1515, S. MLK Blvd., 305 FSHSRC, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA;(2) Present address: University of Michigan School of Public Health, 109 Observatory St., 1700 SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA |
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Abstract: | Predation by Bdellovibrio-like organisms (BLOs) results in bacterial community succession in aquatic ecosystems. The effects of nutrient loading on
the distribution and phylogeny of BLOs remain largely unknown. To this end, we present our findings on BLO diversity from
four north-Indian lakes that are variable in their trophic status; Nainital is eutrophic, both, Bhimtal and Naukuchiatal are
mesotrophic and Sattal remains oligotrophic, respectively. Initially, total heterotrophic bacteria and BLOs were quantified
by most probable number (MPN) analyses using Pseudomonas putida and Escherichia coli as prey bacteria. Total bacterial numbers were at least two-logs higher in the eutrophic lake samples compared with oligotrophic
lake. Similarly, BLO numbers were approximately 39-fold higher using Pseudomonas sp., which is likely the preferred prey within these lakes. Conversely, significant differences were not observed between
mesotrophic and oligotrophic BLO numbers when E. coli was used as the prey. PCR-RFLP of small subunit rDNA (SSU rDNA) of BLOs, followed by cloning, sequencing, and taxonomic categorization
revealed distinct differences such that, eutrophic lake consisted of higher BLO diversity compared with mesotrophic and oligotrophic
lake, most likely due to both, higher numbers and availability of a diverse population of prey bacteria resulting from nutrient
loading in this ecosystem. |
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