藏红花愈伤组织诱导及其细胞培养的研究

藏红花幼叶愈伤组织的诱导频率在ＭＳ，Ｂ５和Ｗｈｉｔｅ三种培养基上均高达９８％；幼叶和芽的诱导率差异不大，高达９９％；不同时期的叶片差异较大，以幼叶诱导为佳；球茎诱导率为近８０％；激素配比以２．４－Ｄ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＢＡＰ０．１～０．５ｍｌ／Ｌ为宜。在继代培养阶段，ＭＳ比Ｂ５和Ｗｈｉｔｅ更适合细胞的快速生长繁殖；并且以叶片的愈伤组织生长较快，芽次之，球茎最慢，适合于细胞生长的激素配比为ＮＡＡ２．０～３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＢＡＰ０．５～１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ为宜。

Studies on Callus Induction and Cell Culture of Saffron

Plant cell and tissue culture of saffron (Crocus sativus) is apotential alternative approach to produce saffron pigments for the increasing demand of medical, ornamental and food uses. We have conducted the experiments oil the inducing frequencies of calli and their growth of saffron explants on different media with 2, 4- D/BAP combinations, in order to select somaclonal lines with potential abilities to produce the natural pigments. The results showed that the inducing frequencies of tender leaves of saffron on MS, B5 and White media were as high as 98% . Nosignificant differences between tender leaves and buds was observed, as to the frequency. The frequency was decreased as the leaf became older. Tuber explants can be induced to form calli at 80%. 2, 4--D(2.0) /BAP (0. 1-0. 5 )combination was approprite to induce callus.However, MS was more suitable for calli and cells to grow and divide than B5 and White. Leaf>bud >tuber was observed on growth rate. 2, 4-D(2. 0 -- 3. 0 )/BAP (0. 5-- 1. 0 )combination was applicable to increase the cell growth.