受翻译调节的肿瘤蛋白的结构与功能

受翻译调节的肿瘤蛋白（translationally controlled tumor protein, TCTP）是一种普遍存在并且大量表达的蛋白,在进化上高度保守,与其它任何蛋白家族均未显示出明显的序列同源性.该家族的蛋白基本上都具有TCTP1和TCTP2两个特征结构区.TCTP与Mss4/Dss4(mammalian suppressor of Sec4)蛋白家族结构相似，二者构成结构超家族.TCTP的合成受到钙、真核翻译起始因子eIF4E(eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E)和双链RNA依赖的蛋白激酶(dsRNA dependent protein kinase,PKR)的调节.具有与钙结合,与微管蛋白结合,抗细胞凋亡,抑制翻译,促进组胺释放等生物学活性.另外,它还可作为肿瘤逆转的靶标.系统发育分析提示，在真核细胞进化中, TCTP的直向同源基因起源于1.0×109年前.本文对TCTP的分子特点, 生物学功能及其研究现状进行了综述.

Structure and Function of Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein

Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is an abundantly and ubiquitously expressed protein ,which has a high degree of conservation during evolution and shows no significant sequence homology with any other protein families. The TCTP family basically has two signature regions termed TCTP1 and TCTP2.TCTP is structurally similar to the Mss4/Dss4(mammalian suppressor of Sec4) family of proteins and forms a structural superfamily with it. Synthesis of TCTP is regulated by calcium、 eIF4E (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E)and dsRNA dependent protein kinase (PKR). TCTP has various biological characteristics such as calcium binding, tubulin binding, anti apoptosis, inhibiting the translation, promoting the releasing of histamine and so on. In addition, it was identified as a target of tumor reversion. The phylogeny indicates the origin of the TCTP ortholog in eukaryote evolution was 1.0×109 years ago. This review focuses on the molecular characteristics, the biological functions and the situation of current research of TCTP.