Development and Evaluation of Ethyl Cellulose-Based Transdermal Films of Furosemide for Improved In Vitro Skin Permeation |
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Authors: | Dhaval P Patel Chitral Mallikarjuna Setty Gaurav N Mistry Santnu L Patel Tarun J Patel Pritesh C Mistry Amar K Rana Pritesh K Patel Rishabh S Mishra |
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Institution: | (1) Formulation Development Department, Amneal Pharmaceutical Company (I) Pvt ltd, R & D Centre, Vil. Rajoda, Tal; Bavla, Ahmedabad, 382220, Gujarat, India;(2) Department of Pharmaceutics, N.E.T. Pharmacy College, Raichur, 584103, Karnataka, India;(3) Department of Pharmaceutics, Manoharbhai Patel Institute of Pharmacy, Gondia, India |
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Abstract: | Transdermal films of the furosemide were developed employing ethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as film formers.
The effect of binary mixture of polymers and penetration enhancers on physicochemical parameters including thickness, moisture
content, moisture uptake, drug content, drug–polymer interaction, and in vitro permeation was evaluated. In vitro permeation study was conducted using human cadaver skin as penetration barrier in modified Keshary–Chein diffusion cell.
In vitro skin permeation study showed that binary mixture, ethyl cellulose (EC)/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), at 8.5:1.5 ratio
provided highest flux and also penetration enhancers further enhanced the permeation of drug, while propylene glycol showing
higher enhancing effect compared to dimethyl sulfoxide and isopropyl myristate. Different kinetic models, used to interpret
the release kinetics and mechanism, indicated that release from all formulations followed apparent zero-order kinetics and
non-Fickian diffusion transport except formulation without HPMC which followed Fickian diffusion transport. Stability studies
conducted as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines did not show any degradation of drug. Based on the above
observations, it can be reasonably concluded that blend of EC–HPMC polymers and propylene glycol are better suited for the
development of transdermal delivery system of furosemide. |
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Keywords: | chemical penetration enhancers ethyl cellulose furosemide hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in vitro skin permeation transdermal films |
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