环境胁迫下植物MAPK多叠级联响应

植物MAP(mitogen-activated protein)激酶涉及植物的生长发育、对内源和外界环境刺激的反应.MAP激酶能将胞外感受器引起的刺激传递到胞内引起细胞的反应.拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)作为模式植物,其全部的MAP激酶已经列出并进行了分类.根据已分类的拟南芥MAP激酶家族,已经分离出大量的MAP激酶基因,并将它们进行分类,发现它们大多能被包括病原、创伤、温度、干旱、盐、渗透、紫外线辐射、臭氧和活性氧等胁迫刺激激活.通过研究在不同环境胁迫下的功能和信号路径,发现植物MAP激酶信号传递系统是复杂且相互交错的.需要开发一些新的工具和策略去阐明MAPK信号传递路径,以及如何利用MAPK系统去改善农作物对生物和非生物胁迫的抗性.

MAP Kinase Cascades Responding to Environmental Stress in Plants

Plant mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are involved in growth, development and responses to endogenous and environmental cues, which link stimuli that are activated by external sensors to cellular responses. In Arabidopsis, as a model, all of MAP kinase genes have been listed and classified. Based on the Arabidopsis MAPK families, a number of MAP kinase genes in other plant species have been recently isolated and classified. Most of the cloned MAPK genes can be activated by a variety of stress stimuli including pathogen infection, wounding, temperature, drought, salinity, osmolarity, UV irradiation, ozone and reactive oxygen species. Some tools and strategies are used to investigate their functions and signal pathways under different environmental stress, indicating complexity and crosstalk of plant MAP kinase signaling pathways. It is still necessary to explore more novel tools and strategies to clarify MAPK signaling pathways, and how to apply the MAPK cascade to improve the resistance of crop to abiotic and biotic stress.