日本沼虾染色体制备的比较研究(简报)

近年来,随着水产经济动物遗传育种研究的迅速发展,对染色体制备技术的要求越来越高。十足类甲壳动物染色体的研究开展较早,但进展却相当缓慢,自一百多年前,Carnoy首次报道了褐虾和滨蟹的染色体,迄今为止已研究过的种类仅约70多种。其主要原因在于其细胞有丝分裂中期染色体

THE COMPARISON STUDY ON THE PREPARATION OF CHROMOSOMES OF THE FRESHWATER PRAWN MACROBRACHRAIUM NIPPONENSE (CRUSTACEA, DECAPODA)

The Chromosomes of Macrobrachium nipponense had been prepared using the materials of testis or embryo with the chromosome low-osmosis method or cell low-osmosis method. After 5.5h, the bivalents at meiotic diplotene were appeared. The comparison of the two methods for two different materials showed that the morpha of the chromosome of testis using the low-osmosis method was better than that of using the cell low-osmosis method. Contrarily, the low-osmosis was better than the cell low- osmosis for the morpha of the chromosome of embryo. The bivalents at meiotic diplotene were rod-shaped, and centromere position could be identified easily at that time. The diploid chromosomes numbers were 104. The chromosome formula was N=11M 26SM 4ST 11T. The technique of the chromosome prepara- tion of Macrobrachium nipponense was preliminarily discussed as well.